Types of iron and steel in the industry siderometalúrgica

We have to require the difference among the iron and the steel, the main is that the iron is a pure and ductile metal whereas the steel is a combination of iron with aprox. 2% of carbon or other elements.

In the industry siderometalúrgica so much the iron like the steel are the metals of main purchase and use in the companies of production and preparation of structures and machinery, but in the ones of the mechanised 90% uses alone iron.

The metals classify according to his properties and composition, being the most common:
 

- Steel laminado in frio or in hot: the steel laminado in hot is a process that makes to tall temperature for the manipulation of big pieces and does not require so many treatments, whereas in cold makes to temperature acclimatise and recristaliza; so that the cost and consumption of energy varies according to the need and performance of the metal.
 

- Steel to the carbon: it is an alloy of the iron and carbon, is the most used material in the engineerings and the industry manufacturera; for the construction of big structures as for the manufacture of tools, automobiles and appliances.

- Stainless steel: it is an alloy of iron with chromium and other elements, with a tall resistance to the corrosion. It uses in applications where requires resistance to the oxidation like utensils of cookery, medical squads and components of the chemical industry. The stainless steel 304 is the most economic and practical, which employs for the majority of environments, but does not have the resistance to the chloride of the 316 that averts the corrosion for zones of coast and paths strongly salinos.
 

The irons and steels have of distinct presentations and forms:

And, finally, the types of beam more sued in the industry to build supports for pillars and canals are: the IPN, in shape of “I”, the UPN, in shape of “Or”, and the HEB or GREY, in shape of “H”; they work in function of the load and the endeavours to absorb.